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本帖最后由 请叫我雷锋 于 2017-8-25 12:32 编辑
《Modeling Ships and Space Craft: The Science and Art of Mastering the Oceans and Sky》
船舶和飞行器建模：掌握海洋和天空的科学与艺术
作者：Gina Hagler
出版社：Springer
出版时间：2013年
《Modeling Ships and Space Craft: The Science and Art of Mastering the Oceans and Sky》
《Modeling Ships and Space Craft: The Science and Art of Mastering the Oceans and Sky》
《Modeling Ships and Space Craft: The Science and Art of Mastering the Oceans and Sky》
《Modeling Ships and Space Craft: The Science and Art of Mastering the Oceans and Sky》
目录
Part I Fluid Dynamics in Action
1 Airborne Creatures ................................................................................. 3
Birds .......................................................................................................... 5
Bats ............................................................................................................ 16
Flying Insects ............................................................................................ 18
Seeds .......................................................................................................... 19
Land Animals ............................................................................................ 21
Conclusion ................................................................................................. 22
Notes .......................................................................................................... 23
2 Human Innovation .................................................................................. 25
The Kite ..................................................................................................... 27
Sports ......................................................................................................... 29
Man on Land ............................................................................................. 37
Man in Water ............................................................................................. 37
Conclusion ................................................................................................. 42
Notes .......................................................................................................... 42
3 Aquatic Creatures ................................................................................... 45
Lift ............................................................................................................. 45
Blubber .................................................................................................. 46
Swim Bladder ........................................................................................ 47
Air in the Lungs ..................................................................................... 48
Oil in the Liver ...................................................................................... 50
Cartilaginous Skeleton .......................................................................... 50
Movement .............................................................................................. 50
Gravity ....................................................................................................... 51
Water Column ........................................................................................ 51
Contents
xii Contents
Thrust ........................................................................................................ 52
Resistance .................................................................................................. 53
Overcoming Resistance ......................................................................... 56
High Swimming Speeds ........................................................................ 56
Streamlining .......................................................................................... 56
Skin Surface and Dermal Denticles ....................................................... 59
Porpoising and Free-Riding Behaviors ................................................. 59
Schooling ............................................................................................... 60
Conclusion ................................................................................................. 60
Notes .......................................................................................................... 61
Part II Evolution of Theory
4 Hydrodynamic Theorists ........................................................................ 65
Aristotle Through Hero: Early Theorists................................................... 65
da Vinci Through Lagrange: Fluid Dynamics ........................................... 69
Fulton Through Taylor: Principles in Action ............................................ 76
Notes .......................................................................................................... 83
5 Aerodynamic Theorists .......................................................................... 85
Into the Air: Early Theorists ...................................................................... 85
Into the Air: Non-winged Flight ................................................................ 90
Into the Air: Winged Flight ....................................................................... 93
Into Space .................................................................................................. 101
Notes .......................................................................................................... 104
Part III Scale Model Testing Begins
6 William Froude ....................................................................................... 109
William Froude .......................................................................................... 110
Froude’s Early Work ................................................................................. 112
The Admiralty Experiment Works at Torquay .......................................... 115
Plans for the Works ............................................................................... 115
The Equipment .......................................................................................... 122
The Models ................................................................................................ 125
Initial Tests ................................................................................................ 125
The HMS Greyhound Trials ...................................................................... 128
Conclusion ................................................................................................. 129
Notes .......................................................................................................... 131
7 David Watson Taylor .............................................................................. 135
David Watson Taylor ................................................................................. 136
The Experimental Model Basin ............................................................. 137
The Models ................................................................................................ 142
Making the Models .................................................................................... 143
Contents xiii
Results Reported in the 1900 Report ......................................................... 144
Work with Elmer Sperry ........................................................................ 146
The Suction of Vessels .......................................................................... 147
The Titanic Investigation ....................................................................... 147
The Speed and Power of Ships .............................................................. 148
Aeronautics ............................................................................................ 151
NACA ........................................................................................................ 153
Awards ................................................................................................... 153
Taylor and Froude ................................................................................. 154
Conclusion ................................................................................................. 155
Suction in Narrow Channel ................................................................... 155
Notes .......................................................................................................... 156
8 Early Aviators .......................................................................................... 159
Machinery .................................................................................................. 159
The Whirling Arm ................................................................................. 160
The Wind Tunnel ................................................................................... 163
Theory ................................................................................................... 165
Notes .......................................................................................................... 177
9 The Wright Brothers ............................................................................... 179
The Wright Approach ................................................................................ 180
An Interest in Flight Awakens ................................................................... 180
And So They Begin ................................................................................... 183
Lilienthal’s Data and the Need for Model Testing .................................... 186
Testing Begins ........................................................................................... 187
Wind Tunnel Tests ..................................................................................... 189
The Balances ............................................................................................. 190
Airfoils ...................................................................................................... 191
Back to Kitty Hawk ................................................................................... 193
After Success ............................................................................................. 194
Conclusion ................................................................................................. 195
Notes .......................................................................................................... 195
10 Rocketmen ................................................................................................ 199
Konstantin Tsiolkovsky............................................................................. 199
Robert Goddard ......................................................................................... 203
Unwanted Attention .................................................................................. 205
Goddard and Oberth .................................................................................. 206
Lucky Lindy to the Rescue ....................................................................... 207
Hermann Oberth ........................................................................................ 208
It Is Rocket Science .................................................................................. 210
xiv Contents
Conclusion ................................................................................................ 217
Notes ......................................................................................................... 218
Part IV Model Testing Today
11 Computational Fluid Dynamics ............................................................. 223
Virtual Testing ........................................................................................... 224
Methodology ............................................................................................. 224
CFD at Universities ................................................................................... 225
What Is Modeled? ..................................................................................... 225
More than Ships, Planes, and Rockets ...................................................... 226
Scale Models ............................................................................................. 227
Notes ......................................................................................................... 227
Glossary ........................................................................................................... 229
References ........................................................................................................ 237
Author Index.................................................................................................... 243
Subject Index ................................................................................................... 247
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