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《PEM Fuel Cells:Theory and Practice》第二版
质子交换膜燃料电池：理论与实践
作者：FRANO BARBIR
出版社：Elsevier
出版时间：2013年
《PEM Fuel Cells:Theory and Practice》
《PEM Fuel Cells:Theory and Practice》
《PEM Fuel Cells:Theory and Practice》
《PEM Fuel Cells:Theory and Practice》
目录
Foreword ix
Preface and acknowledgments xi
Preface to the Second Edition xv
1 Introduction 1
1.1. What Is a Fuel Cell? 1
1.2. A Very Brief History of Fuel Cells 4
1.3. Types of Fuel Cells 8
1.4. How Does a PEM Fuel Cell Work? 10
1.5. Why Do We Need Fuel Cells? 12
1.6. Fuel Cell Applications 13
References 16
2 Fuel Cell Basic Chemistry and Thermodynamics 17
2.1. Basic Reactions 17
2.2. Heat of Reaction 17
2.3. Higher and Lower Heating Value of Hydrogen 18
2.4. Theoretical Electrical Work 19
2.5. Theoretical Fuel Cell Potential 20
2.6. Effect of Temperature 21
2.7. Theoretical Fuel Cell Efficiency 24
2.8. Carnot Efficiency Myth 26
2.9. Effect of Pressure 28
2.10. Summary 29
Problems 30
Quiz 31
References 32
3 Fuel Cell Electrochemistry 33
3.1. Electrode Kinetics 33
3.2. Voltage Losses 39
3.3. Cell Potential: Polarization Curve 48
3.4. Distribution of Potential Across a Fuel Cell 50
3.5. Sensitivity of Parameters in Polarization Curve 52
3.6. Fuel Cell Efficiency 59
3.7. Implications and Use of Fuel Cell Polarization Curve 61
vj
Solution 65
Solution 66
Solution 67
Problems 69
Quiz 70
References 72
4 Main Cell Components, Material Properties, and Processes 73
4.1. Cell Description 73
4.2. Membrane 75
Solution 90
4.3. Electrodes 92
4.4. Gas Diffusion Layer 97
4.5. Bipolar Plates 104
Problems 112
Quiz 113
References 115
5 Fuel Cell Operating Conditions 119
5.1. Operating Pressure 119
5.2. Operating Temperature 121
5.3. Reactant Flow Rates 124
5.4. Reactant Humidity 130
5.5. Fuel Cell Mass Balance 144
5.6. Fuel Cell Energy Balance 149
Problems 154
Quiz 155
References 157
6 Stack Design 159
6.1. Sizing a Fuel Cell Stack 159
6.2. Stack Configuration 163
6.3. Uniform Distribution of Reactants to Each Cell 167
6.4. Uniform Distribution of Reactants Inside Each Cell 172
Solution 187
6.5. Heat Removal from a Fuel Cell Stack 189
Solution 194
Solution 199
6.6. Stack Clamping 208
vi Contents
Problems 211
Quiz 212
References 213
7 Fuel Cell Modeling 217
7.1. Theory and Governing Equations 218
7.2. Modeling Domains 228
7.3. Modeling Examples 231
7.4. Conclusions 259
Problems 259
Quiz 260
References 261
8 Fuel Cell Diagnostics 265
8.1. Electrochemical Techniques 266
8.2. Physical and Chemical Methods 282
8.3. Conclusions 295
Problems 297
Quiz 297
References 299
9 Fuel Cell System Design 305
9.1. Hydrogen/Oxygen Systems 305
9.2. Hydrogen/Air Systems 314
Solution 317
Solution 318
9.3. Fuel Cell Systems with Fuel Processors 333
9.4. Electrical Subsystem 358
9.5. System Efficiency 364
Problems 368
Quiz 369
References 371
10 Fuel Cell Applications 373
10.1. Transportation Applications 373
10.2. Stationary Power 392
10.3. Backup Power 414
10.4. Fuel Cells for Small Portable Power 419
10.5. Regenerative Fuel Cells and Their Applications 422
Contents vii
Problems 429
Quiz 431
References 432
11 Durability of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells 435
11.1. Introduction 435
11.2. Scope and Organization of This Chapter 436
11.3. Types of Performance Losses 438
11.4. PEFC Components Associated with Different Types of Losses 441
11.5. Operating Conditions 447
11.6. Accelerated Test Protocols 460
11.7. Conclusions and Future Outlook 464
Acknowledgments 466
References 466
12 Future of Fuel Cells and Hydrogen 469
12.1. Introduction 469
12.2. A Brief History of Hydrogen as a Fuel 470
12.3. Hydrogen Energy Technologies 472
12.4. Is the Present Global Energy System Sustainable? 487
12.5. Predicting the Future 491
12.6. Sustainable Energy System of the Future 495
12.7. Transition to Hydrogen or a “Hydricity Economy” 500
12.8. The Coming Energy Revolution? 503
12.9. Conclusions 505
References 505
Index 509
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